ASTM D93-16a
Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester

Standard No.

ASTM D93-16a

Release Date

2016

Published By

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)

Status

Be replaced

Replace By

ASTM D93-18

Latest

ASTM D93-20

Scope

5.1 The flash point temperature is one measure of the tendency of the test specimen to form a flammable mixture with air under controlled laboratory conditions. It is only one of a number of properties which must be considered in assessing the overall flammability hazard of a material.

5.2 Flash point is used in shipping and safety regulations to define flammable and combustible materials. One should consult the particular regulation involved for precise definitions of these classifications.

5.3 These test methods should be used to measure and describe the properties of materials, products, or assemblies in response to heat and an ignition source under controlled laboratory conditions and should not be used to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk of materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. However, results of these test methods may be used as elements of a fire risk assessment which takes into account all of the factors which are pertinent to an assessment of the fire hazard of a particular end use.

5.4 These test methods provide the only closed cup flash point test procedures for temperatures up to 3708201;°C (6988201;°F).

1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the flash point of petroleum products in the temperature range from 408201;°C to 3708201;°C by a manual Pensky-Martens closed-cup apparatus or an automated Pensky-Martens closed-cup apparatus, and the determination of the flash point of biodiesel in the temperature range of 608201;°C to 1908201;°C by an automated Pensky-Martens closed cup apparatus.

Note 1: Flash point determinations above 2508201;°C can be performed, however, the precision has not been determined above this temperature. For residual fuels, precision has not been determined for flash points above 1008201;°C. The precision of in-use lubricating oils has not been determined. Some specifications state a D93 minimum flash point below 408201;°C, however, the precision has not been determined below this temperature.

1.2 Procedure A is applicable to distillate fuels (diesel, biodiesel blends, kerosine, heating oil, turbine fuels), new and in-use lubricating oils, and other homogeneous petroleum liquids not included in the scope of Procedure B or Procedure C.

1.3 Procedure B is applicable to residual fuel oils, cutback residua, used lubricating oils, mixtures of petroleum liquids with solids, petroleum liquids that tend to form a surface film under test conditions, or are petroleum liquids of such kinematic viscosity that they are not uniformly heated under the stirring and heating conditions of Procedure A.

1.4 Procedure C is applicable to biodiesel (B100). Since a flash point of residual alcohol in biodiesel is difficult to observe by manual flash poi......

ASTM D93-16a Referenced Document

• ASTM D3941 Standard Test Method for Flash Point by the Equilibrium Method With a Closed-Cup Apparatus
• ASTM D4057 Standard Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
• ASTM D4177 Standard Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
• ASTM D56 Standard Test Method for Flash Point by Tag Closed Tester
• ASTM E1 Standard Specification for ASTM Thermometers
• ASTM E300 Standard Practice for Sampling Industrial Chemicals
• ASTM E502 Standard Test Method for Selection and Use of ASTM Standards for the Determination of Flash Point of Chemicals by Closed Cup Methods

ASTM D93-16a history

• 2020 ASTM D93-20 Standard Test Methods for Flash-Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester
• 2019 ASTM D93-19 Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester
• 2018 ASTM D93-18 Standard Test Method for Iron Bacteria in Water and Water-Formed Deposits
• 2016 ASTM D93-16a Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester
• 2016 ASTM D93-16 Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester
• 2015 ASTM D93-15a Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester
• 2015 ASTM D93-15 Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester
• 2013 ASTM D93-13e1 Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester
• 2013 ASTM D93-13 Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester
• 2012 ASTM D93-12 Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester
• 2011 ASTM D93-11 Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester
• 2010 ASTM D93-10a Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester
• 2010 ASTM D93-10 Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester
• 2009 ASTM D93-09 Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester
• 2008 ASTM D93-08 Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester
• 2007 ASTM D93-07 Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester
• 2006 ASTM D93-06 Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester
• 2002 ASTM D93-02a Standard Test Methods for Flash-Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester
• 2002 ASTM D93-02 Standard Test Methods for Flash-Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester
• 2000 ASTM D93-00 Standard Test Methods for Flash-Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester
• 1997 ASTM D93-97 Standard Test Methods for Flash-Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester
• 1994 ASTM D93-94 Standard Test Method for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Tester
• 1990 ASTM D93-90e1 Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Tester
• 1985 ASTM D93-85 Standard Test Method for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Tester
• 1980 ASTM D93-80e1 Standard Test Methods for Flash Point By Pensky-Martens Closed Tester
• 1971 ASTM D93-71 Standard Method Of Test For Flash Point By Pensky-Martens Closed Tester