ASTM D5092/D5092M-16
Standard Practice for Design and Installation of Groundwater Monitoring Wells

Standard No.

ASTM D5092/D5092M-16

Release Date

2016

Published By

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)

Latest

ASTM D5092/D5092M-16

Scope

1.1 This practice describes a methodology for designing and installing conventional (screened and filter-packed) groundwater monitoring wells suitable for formations ranging from unconsolidated aquifers (that is, sands and gravels) to granular materials having grain-size distributions with up to 50 % passing a #200 sieve and as much as 20 % clay-sized material (that is, silty fine sands with some clay). Formations finer than this (that is, silts, clays, silty clays, clayey silts) can be monitored but the well may not yield sufficient water required for sampling, and fine filter pack and screen requirements are difficult and costly to install. Use of coarser filter/screens in fine formations will result in wells with unstable filter packs and associated elevated sample turbidity that may adversely affect sample accuracy and data quality objectives. This practice is not applicable in fractured or karst rock conditions, but may be applicable for other porous rock formations. 1.2 The recommended monitoring well design and installation procedures presented in this practice are based on the assumption that the objectives of the program are to obtain representative groundwater samples and other representative groundwater data from a targeted zone of interest in the subsurface defined by site characterization. 1.3 This practice when used on coarse grained sand and gravel aquifers, in combination with proper well development (D5521), proper groundwater sampling procedures (D4448), and proper well maintenance and rehabilitation (D5978), will permit acquisition of groundwater samples free of artifactual turbidity, eliminate siltation of wells between sampling events, and permit acquisition of accurate groundwater levels and hydraulic conductivity test data from the zone screened by the well. For wells installed in fine-grained formation materials, it is generally necessary to use much finer pre-packed well screens (6.3.3.2) and/or employ sampling methods that minimize screen intake flow velocity, and disturbance of the well column including suspension of settled solids in the well. Using low-flow purging and sampling techniques (D6771) or passive sampling devices (D7929) are two means to minimize the potential sample bias associated with turbidity. 1.4 This practice applies primarily to well design and installation methods used in drilled boreholes. Other standards, including Guide D6724 and Practice D6725, cover installation of monitoring wells using direct-push methods. 1.5 Units—The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units [presented in brackets] are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Equivalent values given in parentheses are shown for mix designs and sieves sizes. 1.5.1 Sieve Designations (Specification E11) are identified using the “alternate” system, for example, #40, #200 sieve etc. with nominal opening size in inches and particle sizes in mm. See Specification E11 for standard metric sieve sizes. 1.5.2 Well screen slots are expressed in inches and the metric equivalent is given in the terminology section and when necessary in the standard (see 3.3.6). 1.6 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026, unless superseded by this standard. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.8 This practice offers a set of instructions for performing one or more specific operations. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Nat all aspects of this practice may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of a project’s many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title of this document means only that the document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process. 1 This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.21 on Groundwater and Vadose Zone Investigations. Current edition approved Nov. 15, 2016. Published December 2016. Originally approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D5092–04(2010)ɛ1 . DOI: 10.1520/D5092_D5092M-16. *A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States 1 

ASTM D5092/D5092M-16 Referenced Document

• ASTM C150 Standard Specification for Portland Cement
• ASTM C294 Standard Descriptive Nonmenclature for Constituents of Concrete Aggregates
• ASTM D1129 Standard Terminology Relating to Water
• ASTM D1452 Standard Practice for Soil Investigation and Sampling by Auger Borings
• ASTM D1586 Standard Test Method for Penetration Test and Split-Barrel Sampling of Soils
• ASTM D1587 Standard Practice for Thin-Walled Tube Sampling of Soils for Geotechnical Purposes*， 2024-04-21 Update
• ASTM D2113 Standard Practice for Rock Core Drilling and Sampling of Rock for Site Investigation
• ASTM D2487 Standard Test Method for Classification Of Soils For Engineering Purposes
• ASTM D2488 Recommended Practice for Description Of Soils (Visual-Manual Procedure)
• ASTM D3282 Standard Practice for Classification of Soils and Soil-Aggregate Mixtures for Highway Construction Purposes
• ASTM D3550 Standard Practice for Thick Wall, Ring-Lined, Split Barrel, Drive Sampling of Soils
• ASTM D3740 Standard Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Engaged in the Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as Used in Engineering Design and Construction
• ASTM D422 Standard Test Method for Particle-Size Analysis of Soils
• ASTM D4448 Standard Guide for Sampling Ground-Water Monitoring Wells
• ASTM D5088 Standard Practice for Decontamination of Field Equipment Used at Nonradioactive Waste Sites
• ASTM D5299 Standard Guide for Decommissioning of Groundwater Wells, Vadose Zone Monitoring Devices, Boreholes, and Other Devices for Environmental Activities
• ASTM D5434 Standard Guide for Field Logging of Subsurface Explorations of Soil and Rock
• ASTM D5518 Standard Guide for Acquisition of File Aerial Photography and Imagery for Establishing Historic Site-Use and Surficial Conditions
• ASTM D5521 Standard Guide for Development of Ground-Water Monitoring Wells in Granular Aquifers (Withdrawn 2003)
• ASTM D5608 Standard Practice for Decontamination of Field Equipment Used at Low Level Radioactive Waste Sites
• ASTM D5753 Standard Guide for Planning and Conducting Borehole Geophysical Logging
• ASTM D5777 Standard Guide for Using the Seismic Refraction Method for Subsurface Investigation*， 2018-12-15 Update
• ASTM D5778 Standard Test Method for Performing Electronic Friction Cone and Piezocone Penetration Testing of Soils
• ASTM D5781 Standard Guide for Use of Dual-Wall Reverse-Circulation Drilling for Geoenvironmental Exploration and the Installation of Subsurface Water-Quality Monitoring Devices
• ASTM D5782 Standard Guide for Use of Direct Air-Rotary Drilling for Geoenvironmental Exploration and the Installation of Subsurface Water-Quality Monitoring Devices
• ASTM D5783 Standard Guide for Use of Direct Rotary Drilling with Water-Based Drilling Fluid for Geoenvironmental Exploration and the Installation of Subsurface Water-Quality Monitoring Devices
• ASTM D5784 Standard Guide for Use of Hollow-Stem Augers for Geoenvironmental Exploration and the Installation of Subsurface Water-Quality Monitoring Devices
• ASTM D5787 Standard Practice for Monitoring Well Protection
• ASTM D5872 Standard Guide for Use of Casing Advancement Drilling Methods for Geoenvironmental Exploration and Installation of Subsurface Water-Quality Monitoring Devices
• ASTM D5875 Standard Guide for Use of Cable-Tool Drilling and Sampling Methods for Geoenvironmental Exploration and Installation of Subsurface Water-Quality Monitoring Devices
• ASTM D5876 Standard Guide for Use of Direct Rotary Wireline Casing Advancement Drilling Methods for Geoenvironmental Exploration and Installation of Subsurface Water-Quality Monitoring Devices
• ASTM D5978 Standard Guide for Maintenance and Rehabilitation of Ground-Water Monitoring Wells
• ASTM D6001 Standard Guide for Direct-Push Water Sampling for Geoenvironmental Investigations
• ASTM D6026 Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits in Geotechnical Data
• ASTM D6067 Standard Guide for Using the Electronic Cone Penetrometer for Environmental Site Characterization
• ASTM D6167 Standard Guide for Conducting Borehole Geophysical Logging: Mechanical Caliper
• ASTM D6169 Standard Guide for Selection of Soil and Rock Sampling Devices Used With Drill Rigs for Environmental Investigations
• ASTM D6274 Standard Guide for Conducting Borehole Geophysical Logging-Gamma
• ASTM D6282 Standard Guide for Direct Push Soil Sampling for Environmental Site Characterizations
• ASTM D6285 Standard Guide for Locating Abandoned Wells*， 2016-12-01 Update
• ASTM D6286 Standard Guide for Selection of Drilling Methods for Environmental Site Characterization
• ASTM D6429 Standard Guide for Selecting Surface Geophysical Methods
• ASTM D6430 Standard Guide for Using the Gravity Method for Subsurface Investigation
• ASTM D6431 Standard Guide for Using the Direct Current Resistivity Method for Subsurface Investigation
• ASTM D6432 Standard Guide for Using the Surface Ground Penetrating Radar Method for Subsurface Investigation
• ASTM D6519 Standard Practice for Sampling of Soil Using the Hydraulically Operated Stationary Piston Sampler*， 2024-04-21 Update
• ASTM D653 Standard Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained Fluids
• ASTM D6639 Standard Guide for Using the Frequency Domain Electromagnetic Method for Subsurface Site Characterizations*， 2018-02-01 Update
• ASTM D6640 Standard Practice for Collection and Handling of Soils Obtained in Core Barrel Samplers for Environmental Investigations*， 2021-10-01 Update
• ASTM D6724 Standard Guide for Installation of Direct Push Groundwater Monitoring Wells*， 2024-04-21 Update
• ASTM D6725 Standard Practice for Direct Push Installation of Prepacked Screen Monitoring Wells in Unconsolidated Aquifers*， 2024-04-21 Update
• ASTM D6771 Standard Practice for Low-Flow Purging and Sampling Used for Groundwater Monitoring*， 2021-11-01 Update
• ASTM D6914 Standard Practice for Sonic Drilling for Site Characterization and the Installation of Subsurface Monitoring Devices*， 2024-04-21 Update
• ASTM D7242 Standard Practice for Field Pneumatic Slug (Instantaneous Change in Head) Tests to Determine Hydraulic Properties of Aquifers with Direct Push Ground Water Samplers*， 2024-04-21 Update
• ASTM D7929 Standard Guide for Selection of Passive Techniques for Sampling Groundwater Monitoring Wells*， 2020-02-15 Update
• ASTM D8037/D8037M Standard Practice for Direct Push Hydraulic Logging for Profiling Variations of Permeability in Soils
• ASTM E11 Standard Specification for Wire Cloth and Sieves for Testing Purposes
• ASTM F480 Standard Specification for Thermoplastic Well Casing Pipe and Couplings Made in Standard Dimension Ratios (SDR), SCH 40 and SCH 80*， 2022-02-01 Update

ASTM D5092/D5092M-16 history

• 2016 ASTM D5092/D5092M-16 Standard Practice for Design and Installation of Groundwater Monitoring Wells
• 2010 ASTM D5092-04(2010)e1 Standard Practice for Design and Installation of Groundwater Monitoring Wells
• 2004 ASTM D5092-04e1 Standard Practice for Design and Installation of Ground Water Monitoring Wells
• 2004 ASTM D5092-04 Standard Practice for Design and Installation of Ground Water Monitoring Wells in Aquifers
• 2002 ASTM D5092-02 Standard Practice for Design and Installation of Ground Water Monitoring Wells in Aquifers
• 1990 ASTM D5092-90(1995)e1 Standard Practice for Design and Installation of Ground Water Monitoring Wells in Aquifers