ASTM D7136/D7136M-15
Standard Test Method for Measuring the Damage Resistance of a Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composite to a Drop-Weight Impact Event

Standard No.

ASTM D7136/D7136M-15

Release Date

2015

Published By

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)

Status

Be replaced

Replace By

ASTM D7136/D7136M-20

Latest

ASTM D7136/D7136M-20

Scope

5.1 Susceptibility to damage from concentrated out-of-plane impact forces is one of the major design concerns of many structures made of advanced composite laminates. Knowledge of the damage resistance properties of a laminated composite plate is useful for product development and material selection.

5.2 Drop-weight impact testing can serve the following purposes:

5.2.1 To establish quantitatively the effects of stacking sequence, fiber surface treatment, variations in fiber volume fraction, and processing and environmental variables on the damage resistance of a particular composite laminate to a concentrated drop-weight impact force or energy.

5.2.2 To compare quantitatively the relative values of the damage resistance parameters for composite materials with different constituents. The damage response parameters can include dent depth, damage dimensions, and through-thickness locations, F₁, F_max, E₁ and E_max, as well as the force versus time curve.

5.2.3 To impart damage in a specimen for subsequent damage tolerance tests, such as Test Method D7137/D7137M.

5.3 The properties obtained using this test method can provide guidance in regard to the anticipated damage resistance capability of composite structures of similar material, thickness, stacking sequence, and so forth. However, it must be understood that the damage resistance of a composite structure is highly dependent upon several factors including geometry, thickness, stiffness, mass, support conditions, and so forth. Significant differences in the relationships between impact force/energy and the resultant damage state can result due to differences in these parameters. For example, properties obtained using this test method would more likely reflect the damage resistance characteristics of an unstiffened monolithic skin or web than that of a skin attached to substructure which resists out-of-plane deformation. Similarly, test specimen properties would be expected to be similar to those of a panel with equivalent length and width dimensions, in comparison to those of a panel significantly larger than the test specimen, which tends to divert a greater proportion of the impact energy into elastic deformation.

5.4 The standard impactor geometry has a blunt, hemispherical striker tip. Historically, for the standard laminate configuration and impact energy, this impactor geometry has generated a larger amount of internal damage for a given amount of external damage, when compared with that observed for similar impacts using sharp striker tips. Alternative impactors may be appropriate depending upon the damage resistance characteristics being examined. For example, the use of sharp striker tip geometries may be appropriate for certain damage visibility and penetration resis......

ASTM D7136/D7136M-15 Referenced Document

• ASTM D3171 Standard Test Methods for Constituent Content of Composite Materials
• ASTM D3763 Standard Test Method for High Speed Puncture Properties of Plastics Using Load and Displacement Sensors
• ASTM D3878 Standard Terminology Composite Materials
• ASTM D5229/D5229M Standard Test Method for Moisture Absorption Properties and Equilibrium Conditioning of Polymer Matrix Composite Materials
• ASTM D5687/D5687M Standard Guide for Preparation of Flat Composite Panels with Processing Guidelines for Specimen Preparation
• ASTM D6264/D6264M Standard Test Method for Measuring the Damage Resistance of a Fiber-Reinforced Polymer-Matrix Composite to a Concentrated Quasi-Static Indentation Force
• ASTM D7137/D7137M Standard Test Method for Compressive Residual Strength Properties of Damaged Polymer Matrix Composite Plates
• ASTM D7766/D7766M Standard Practice for Damage Resistance Testing of Sandwich Constructions
• ASTM D792 Standard Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Relative Density) of Plastics by Displacement
• ASTM D883 Standard Terminology Relating to Plastics
• ASTM E122 Standard Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate, With a Specified Tolerable Error, the Average for Characteristic of a Lot or Process
• ASTM E1309 Standard Guide for Identification of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer-Matrix Composite Materials in Databases
• ASTM E1434 Standard Guide for Recording Mechanical Test Data of Fiber-Reinforced Composite Materials in Databases
• ASTM E177 Standard Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
• ASTM E18 Standard Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Materials
• ASTM E2533 Standard Guide for Nondestructive Examination of Polymer Matrix Composites Used in Aerospace Applications
• ASTM E4 Standard Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
• ASTM E456 Standard Terminology for Relating to Quality and Statistics
• ASTM E6 Standard Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing

ASTM D7136/D7136M-15 history

• 2020 ASTM D7136/D7136M-20 Standard Test Method for Measuring the Damage Resistance of a Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composite to a Drop-Weight Impact Event
• 2015 ASTM D7136/D7136M-15 Standard Test Method for Measuring the Damage Resistance of a Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composite to a Drop-Weight Impact Event
• 2012 ASTM D7136/D7136M-12 Standard Test Method for Measuring the Damage Resistance of a Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composite to a Drop-Weight Impact Event
• 2007 ASTM D7136/D7136M-07 Standard Test Method for Measuring the Damage Resistance of a Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composite to a Drop-Weight Impact Event
• 2005 ASTM D7136/D7136M-05e1 Standard Test Method for Measuring the Damage Resistance of a Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composite to a Drop-Weight Impact Event
• 2005 ASTM D7136/D7136M-05 Standard Test Method for Measuring the Damage Resistance of a Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composite to a Drop-Weight Impact Event