ASTM D4328-08(2013)
Standard Practice for Calculation of Supersaturation of Barium Sulfate, Strontium Sulfate, and Calcium Sulfate Dihydrate lpar;Gypsumrpar; in Brackish Water, Seawater, and Brines
- Standard No.
- ASTM D4328-08(2013)
- Release Date
- 2008
- Published By
- American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)
- Status
- Replace By
- ASTM D4328-13
- Latest
- ASTM D4328-18
- Scope
4.1 This practice covers the mathematical calculation of the supersaturation of three principal sulfate scaling compounds found in industrial operations. Application of this standard practice to the prediction of scale formation in a given system, however, requires experience. The calculations tell the user if a water, or mixture of waters, is in a scaling mode. Whether or not scale will in fact form, how quickly it will form, where it will form, in what quantities, and what composition are subject to factors beyond the scope of this practice. However, based on how supersaturated a given water or mixture of waters is, an objective evaluation of the relative likelihood of scale formation can be made.
Note 1—There are several personal computer (PC) type programs that are both available commercially and publicly that will perform these calculations.1.1 This practice covers the calculation of supersaturation of barium sulfate, strontium sulfate, and calcium sulfate dihydrate (gypsum) in brackish water, seawater, and brines in which barium, strontium, and calcium ions either coexist or exist individually in solution in the presence of sulfate ions.
1.2 This practice is not applicable for calculating calcium sulfate dihydrate supersaturation if the temperatures of saline waters under investigation exceed 95°C. At temperatures above 95°C, hemianhydrate and anhydrite would be major insoluble forms.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ASTM D4328-08(2013) Referenced Document
- ASTM D1129 Standard Terminology Relating to Water
- ASTM D3352 Standard Test Method for Strontium Ion in Brackish Water, Seawater, and Brines
- ASTM D3370 Standard Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Conduits
- ASTM D3561 Standard Test Method for Lithium, Potassium, and Sodium Ions in Brackish Water, Seawater, and Brines by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry
- ASTM D3651 Standard Test Method for Barium in Brackish Water, Seawater, and Brines
- ASTM D3986 Standard Test Method for Barium in Brines, Seawater, and Brackish Water by Direct-Current Argon Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy
- ASTM D511 Standard Test Methods for Calcium and Magnesium In Water
- ASTM D512 Standard Test Methods for Chloride Ion In Water
- ASTM D513 Standard Test Methods for Total and Dissolved Carbon Dioxide in Water
- ASTM D516 Standard Test Method for Sulfate Ion in Water
ASTM D4328-08(2013) history
- 2018 ASTM D4328-18 Standard Practice for Calculation of Supersaturation of Barium Sulfate, Strontium Sulfate, and Calcium Sulfate Dihydrate (Gypsum) in Brackish Water, Seawater, and Brines
- 1970 ASTM D4328-13 Calculation of supersaturation of barium sulfate, strontium sulfate and anhydrous calcium sulfate (gypsum) in brackish water, seawater and brine
- 2008 ASTM D4328-08(2013) Standard Practice for Calculation of Supersaturation of Barium Sulfate, Strontium Sulfate, and Calcium Sulfate Dihydrate lpar;Gypsumrpar; in Brackish Water, Seawater, and Brines
- 2008 ASTM D4328-08 Standard Practice for Calculation of Supersaturation of Barium Sulfate, Strontium Sulfate, and Calcium Sulfate Dihydrate (Gypsum) in Brackish Water, Seawater, and Brines
- 2003 ASTM D4328-03 Standard Practice for Calculation of Supersaturation of Barium Sulfate, Strontium Sulfate, and Calcium Sulfate Dihydrate (Gypsum) in Brackish Water, Seawater, and Brines
- 1997 ASTM D4328-97 Standard Practice for Calculation of Supersaturation of Barium Sulfate, Strontium Sulfate, and Calcium Sulfate Dihydrate (Gypsum) in Brackish Water, Seawater, and Brines
- 1984 ASTM D4328-84(1993)e1 Standard Practice for Calculation of Supersaturation of Barium Sulfate, Strontium Sulfate, and Calcium Sulfate Dihydrate (Gypsum) in Brackish Water, Seawater, and Brines
