ASTM D5996-16
Standard Test Method for Measuring Anionic Contaminants in High-Purity Water by On-Line Ion Chromatography

Standard No.

ASTM D5996-16

Release Date

2016

Published By

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)

Latest

ASTM D5996-16

Scope

5.1 In the power-generation industry, high-purity water is used to reduce corrosion from anions, such as sulfate, chloride, and fluoride. These anions are known to be detrimental to materials of construction used in steam generators, reactor vessel internals and recirculation piping, heat exchangers, connective piping, and turbines. Most electric generating plants try to control these anions to <1.0 μg/L in the steam generator feed water. Some nuclear power plants have been able to control anion contaminants at less than 0.02 μg/L.

5.2 These anions and others cause low product yields in semiconductor manufacturing. They are also monitored and controlled at similarly low levels as in the electric power industry.

5.3 Low molecular weight organic acids (acetate, formate, propionate) have been detected in steam generator feed water. These low molecular weight organic materials are believed to be high-temperature degradation products of chemicals used to control cycle water pH and organic contaminants in cycle makeup water.

5.4 In the semiconductor industry, anion contaminants may come from the breakdown of low molecular weight organic materials by ultraviolet light radiation, which is frequently used to produce bacteria-free water. These organic compounds may also contribute to low product yield.

5.5 The production of high-purity water for process makeup and use frequently employs the use of demineralizers to remove unwanted anion contaminants. Also in the electric power industry, demineralizers are used in the process stream to maintain low levels of these contaminants. As such, it is important to monitor this process to ensure that water quality standards are being met. These processes can be monitored for the above-mentioned anions.

5.6 On-line measurements of these contaminants provide a greater degree of protection of the processes by allowing for frequent on-line measurement of these species. Early detection of contaminant ingress allows for quicker corrective action to locate, reduce, or eliminate, or combination thereof, the source. Grab samples will not provide the same level of protection because of their intermittent nature and the longer time required to obtain and then analyze the sample.

5.7 Additionally, on-line monitoring significantly reduces the potential for contamination of high-purity water samples, a significant problem when sampling and testing high-purity water.

1.1 This test method covers on-line analysis of high-purity water by the ion chromatography technique. This test method is applicable for measuring various anionic contaminants in high-purity water, typically in the range of 0.01 to 100 μg/L. This test method is used to determine the concentration of acetate, formate, chloride, fluoride, phosphate, nitrate, and sulfate in a continuously flowing sample. The range of the test method is only as good as the reagent water available for preparing standards. At extremely low concentrations, <1.0 μg/L, preparing standards is difficult, and extra care must be taken in their preparation. The sample may have to be conditioned from higher pressures and temperatures to conditions that ar......

ASTM D5996-16 Referenced Document

• ASTM D1066 Standard Practice for Sampling Steam
• ASTM D1129 Standard Terminology Relating to Water
• ASTM D1192 Standard Guide for Equipment for Sampling Water and Steam in Closed Conduits
• ASTM D1193 Standard Specification for Reagent Water
• ASTM D2777 Standard Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of Applicable Methods of Committee D-19 on Water
• ASTM D3370 Standard Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Conduits
• ASTM D3864 Standard Guide for Continual On-Line Monitoring Systems for Water Analysis
• ASTM D4453 Standard Practice for Handling of Ultra-Pure Water Samples
• ASTM D5542 Standard Test Methods for Trace Anions in High Purity Water by Ion Chromatography
• ASTM D5810 Standard Guide for Spiking into Aqueous Samples 
• ASTM D5847 Standard Practice for Writing Quality Control Specifications for Standard Test Methods for Water Analysis

ASTM D5996-16 history

• 2016 ASTM D5996-16 Standard Test Method for Measuring Anionic Contaminants in High-Purity Water by On-Line Ion Chromatography
• 2009 ASTM D5996-05(2009) Standard Test Method for Measuring Anionic Contaminants in High-Purity Water by On-Line Ion Chromatography
• 2005 ASTM D5996-05 Standard Test Method for Measuring Anionic Contaminants in High-Purity Water by On-Line Ion Chromatography
• 1996 ASTM D5996-96(2000) Standard Test Method for Measuring Anionic Contaminants in High-Purity Water by On-Line Ion Chromatography