ASTM E2340/E2340M-11(2015)
Standard Test Method for Measuring the Skid Resistance of Pavements and Other Trafficked Surfaces Using a Continuous Reading, Fixed-Slip Technique

Standard No.

ASTM E2340/E2340M-11(2015)

Release Date

2011

Published By

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)

Status

Be replaced

Replace By

ASTM E2340/E2340M-11(2021)

Latest

ASTM E2340/E2340M-11(2021)

Scope

5.1 CFMEs are used to measure skid resistance on runways, roads, and various other trafficked surfaces. These tests may comprise operational testing, performed to obtain an immediate assessment of skid resistance in current conditions or routine testing in standardized conditions which include the application of a precise amount of water in front of the test tire.

5.2 Standard test speeds and nominal water film thicknesses are according to national or international agency standards, the type of CFME, and the test application. Some examples of typical applications are given in Appendix X1.

1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the skid resistance of a pavement or other trafficked surface using the continuous reading, fixed-slip technique.

1.2 This test method covers braked wheel measurements obtained with less than 1008201;% slip. It does not cover side force measurements.

1.3 This test method provides a record of the skid resistance along the whole length of one track of the test surface and enables averages to be obtained for specified test segments.

1.4 This test method is used to measure skid resistance on a wide variety of surfaces in a wide variety of circumstances. Consequently, there are many different designs of continuous reading, fixed-slip measuring equipment (CFME) and as many different test procedures governing their use.

1.5 This test method does not attempt to detail these different equipments and procedures but does set out the essential common principles.

1.6 CFMEs function by creating and measuring a frictional force between a test tire operating at a selected slip and the test surface. Different types of CFME do not necessarily create the same frictional force between their particular test tire and a common test surface and do not necessarily use the same method to measure this frictional force.

1.7 CFME measurements are obtained at a selected steady test speed. This speed may vary according to the application.

1.8 The test surface may be contaminated or clean and dry. If it is clean and dry, a measured amount of water is normally deposited on the surface just in front of the test wheel.

1.9 The measuring apparatus may be built into a vehicle, built into a trailer that is towed by a vehicle, or built into a device that is manually pushed.

1.10 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.

1.11 Thi......

ASTM E2340/E2340M-11(2015) Referenced Document

• ASTM E1551 Standard Specification for Special Purpose, Smooth-Tread Tire, Operated on Fixed Braking Slip Continuous Friction Measuring Equipment
• ASTM E178 Standard Practice for Dealing With Outlying Observations
• ASTM E1844 Standard Specification for A Size 10 x 4-5 Smooth-Tread Friction Test Tire
• ASTM E501 Standard Specification for Standard Rib Tire for Pavement Skid-Resistance Tests
• ASTM E524 Standard Specification for Standard Smooth Tire for Pavement Skid-Resistance Tests
• ASTM E867 Terminology Relating to Vehicle-Pavement Systems
• ASTM F408 Standard Test Method for Tires for Wet Traction in Straight-Ahead Braking, Using a Towed Trailer
• ASTM F457 Standard Test Method for Speed and Distance Calibration of a Fifth Wheel Equipped With Either Analog or Digital Instrumentation

ASTM E2340/E2340M-11(2015) history

• 2021 ASTM E2340/E2340M-11(2021) Standard Test Method for Measuring the Skid Resistance of Pavements and Other Trafficked Surfaces Using a Continuous Reading, Fixed-Slip Technique
• 2011 ASTM E2340/E2340M-11(2015) Standard Test Method for Measuring the Skid Resistance of Pavements and Other Trafficked Surfaces Using a Continuous Reading, Fixed-Slip Technique
• 2011 ASTM E2340/E2340M-11e1 Standard Test Method for Measuring the Skid Resistance of Pavements and Other Trafficked Surfaces Using a Continuous Reading, Fixed-Slip Technique
• 2011 ASTM E2340/E2340M-11 Standard Test Method for Measuring the Skid Resistance of Pavements and Other Trafficked Surfaces Using a Continuous Reading, Fixed-Slip Technique
• 2006 ASTM E2340-06 Standard Test Method for Measuring the Skid Resistance of Pavements and Other Trafficked Surfaces Using a Continuous Reading, Fixed-Slip Technique