ASTM D36/D36M-14e1 PDF

Scope: 4.1 Bitumens are viscoelastic materials without sharply defined melting points; they gradually become softer and less viscous as the temperature rises. For this reason, softening points must be determined by an arbitrary and closely defined method if results are to be reproducible.

4.2 The softening point is useful in the classification of bitumens, as one element in establishing the uniformity of shipments or sources of supply, and is indicative of the tendency of the material to flow at elevated temperatures encountered in service.

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the softening point of bitumen in the range from 30 to 157°C [86 to 315°F] using the ring-and-ball apparatus immersed in distilled water [30 to 80°C] or USP glycerin (above 80 to 157°C).

1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.

1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ASTM D36/D36M-14e1 Referenced Document

ASTM C670 Standard Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements for Test Methods for Construction Materials
ASTM D140 Standard Practice for Sampling Bituminous Materials
ASTM D3461 Standard Test Method for Softening Point of Asphalt and Pitch (Mettler Cup-and-Ball Method)
ASTM D92 Standard Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup
ASTM E1 Standard Specification for ASTM Thermometers
ASTM E177 Standard Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
ASTM E691 Standard Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method

2020 ASTM D36/D36M-14(2020) Standard Test Method for Softening Point of Bitumen (Ring-and-Ball Apparatus)
2014 ASTM D36/D36M-14e1 Standard Test Method for Softening Point of Bitumen &40;Ring-and-Ball Apparatus&41;
2014 ASTM D36/D36M-14 Standard Test Method for Softening Point of Bitumen 40;Ring-and-Ball Apparatus41;
2012 ASTM D36/D36M-12 Standard Test Method for Softening Point of Bitumen (Ring-and-Ball Apparatus)
2009 ASTM D36/D36M-09 Standard Test Method for Softening Point of Bitumen (Ring-and-Ball Apparatus)
2006 ASTM D36-06 Standard Test Method for Softening Point of Bitumen (Ring-and-Ball Apparatus)
1995 ASTM D36-95(2000)e1 Standard Test Method for Softening Point of Bitumen (Ring-and-Ball Apparatus)
1976 ASTM D36-76 Standard Test Method for Softening Point Of Bitumen (Ring-And-Ball Apparatus)