This standard specifies the evaluation method for the microstructure of ductile iron under an optical microscope. This standard specifies the evaluation methods for spheroidization classification, graphite size, graphite spheroid number, pearlite number, dispersed ferrite number, phosphorus eutectic number and carbide number, and lists the corresponding rating charts. This standard is applicable to assess the metallographic structure of ordinary and low alloy nodular cast iron in cast state, normalized state and annealed state.