ASTM E313-05
Standard Practice for Calculating Yellowness and Whiteness Indices from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates
- Standard No.
- ASTM E313-05
- Release Date
- 2005
- Published By
- American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)
- Status
- Replace By
- ASTM E313-10
- Latest
- ASTM E313-20
- Scope
This practice should be used only to compare specimens of the same material and same general appearance. For example, a series of specimens to be compared should have generally similar gloss, texture, and (if not opaque) thickness, and translucency.
For yellowness measurement, this practice is limited to specimens having dominant wavelength in the range 570 to 580 nm, or Munsell hue approximately 2.5GY to 2.5 Y. For whiteness measurement, this practice is limited to specimens having Munsell value greater than 8.3 (CIE Y greater than 65) and Munsell chroma no greater than 0.5 for B hues, 0.8 for Y hues, and 0.3 for all other hues (see 3.3.1).
The combination of measurement and calculation leading to indices of yellowness or whiteness is a psychophysical process, that is, the procedures specified are designed to provide numbers correlating with visual estimates made under specified typical observing conditions. Because visual observing conditions can vary widely, users should compare calculated indices with visual estimates to ensure applicability. Some standards addressing the visual estimation of color and color difference are Practices D 1535, D 1729, E 1360, and E 1541
, and Guide E 1499 . This practice does not cover the preparation of specimens, a procedure that may affect significantly the quantities measured. In general, specimens should be prepared and presented for measurement in the manner that is standard for the test being performed. Select enough specimens or specimen areas to provide an average result that is representative of each sample to be tested. See Practice E 1345
. 1.1 This practice provides numbers that correlate with visual ratings of yellowness or whiteness of white and near-white or colorless object-color specimens, viewed in daylight by an observer with normal color vision. White textiles, paints, and plastics are a few of the materials that can be described by the indices of yellowness or whiteness calculated by this practice.
1.2 For a complete analysis of object colors, by a specified observer and under a specified illuminant, use of three parameters is required. For near-white specimens, however, it is often useful to calculate single-number scales of yellowness or whiteness. This practice provides recommended equations for such scales and discusses their derivations and uses, and limits to their applicability (see also Ref
() ).1.3 solely-SI-units;
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ASTM E313-05 Referenced Document
- ASTM D1535 Standard Practice for Specifying Color by the Munsell System
- ASTM D1729 Standard Practice for Visual Appraisal of Colors and Color Differences of Diffusely-Illuminated Opaque Materials
- ASTM D1925 Test Method for Yellowness Index of Plastics
- ASTM E1164 Standard Practice for Obtaining Spectrophotometric Data for Object-Color Evaluation
- ASTM E1247 Standard Test Method for Identifying Fluorescence in Object-Color Specimens by Spectrophotometry
- ASTM E1331 Standard Test Method for Reflectance Factor and Color by Spectrophotometry Using Hemispherical Geometry
- ASTM E1345 Standard Practice for Reducing the Effect of Variability of Color Measurement by Use of Multiple Measurements
- ASTM E1347 Standard Test Method for Color and Color-Difference Measurement by Tristimulus (Filter) Colorimetry
- ASTM E1348 Standard Test Method for Transmittance and Color by Spectrophotometry Using Hemispherical Geometry
- ASTM E1349 Standard Test Method for Reflectance Factor and Color by Spectrophotometry Using Bidirectional Geometry
- ASTM E1360 Standard Practice for Specifying Color by Using the Optical Society of America Uniform Color Scales System
- ASTM E1499 Standard Guide for Selection, Evaluation, and Training of Observers
- ASTM E1541 Standard Practice for Specifying and Matching Color Using the Colorcurve System
- ASTM E284 Standard Terminology of Appearance
- ASTM E308 Standard Practice for Computing the Colors of Objects by Using the CIE System
- ASTM E805 Standard Practice for Identification of Instrumental Methods of Color or Color-Difference Measurement of Materials
- ASTM E991 Standard Practice for Color Measurement of Fluorescent Specimens
ASTM E313-05 history
- 2020 ASTM E313-20 Standard Practice for Calculating Yellowness and Whiteness Indices from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates
- 2015 ASTM E313-15e1 Standard Guide for Developing Cost-Effective Community Resilience Strategies
- 2015 ASTM E313-15 Standard Practice for Calculating Yellowness and Whiteness Indices from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates
- 2010 ASTM E313-10 Standard Practice for Calculating Yellowness and Whiteness Indices from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates
- 2005 ASTM E313-05 Standard Practice for Calculating Yellowness and Whiteness Indices from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates
- 2000 ASTM E313-00 Standard Practice for Calculating Yellowness and Whiteness Indices from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates
- 1998 ASTM E313-98 Standard Practice for Calculating Yellowness and Whiteness Indices from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates
