These test methods are used to determine the in-place unit weight of compacted materials in construction of earth embankments, road fills, and structure backfill. For construction control, these test methods are often used as the bases for acceptance of material compacted to a specified unit weight or to a percentage of a maximum unit weight determined by a standard laboratory test method (such as determined from Test Method D 698 or D 1557
These test methods can be used to determine the in-place unit weight of natural soil deposits, aggregates, soil mixtures, or other similar material.
Note 18212;The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D 3740
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of the in-place density and unit weight of soil and rock using a pouring device and calibrated sand to determine the volume of a test pit. The word "rock" in these test methods is used to imply that the material being tested will typically contain particles larger than 3 in. (75 mm).
1.2 These test methods are best suited for test pits with a volume of from 1 to 6 ft (0.03 and 0.17 m ). In general, the materials tested would have a maximum particle size of 3 to 5 in. (75 to 125 mm).
1.2.1 These test methods may be used for larger sized excavations if desirable. However, for larger sized excavations, Test Method D5030 is preferred.
1.2.2 Test Method D1556 or D2167 are usually used to determine the volume of test holes smaller than 1 ft (0.03 m ). While the equipment illustrated in these test methods is used for volumes less than 1 ft (0.03 m ), the test methods allow larger versions of the equipment to be used when necessary.
1.3 Two test methods are provided as follows:
1.3.1 Test Method A -In-Place Density and Unit Weight of Total Material (Section 9).
1.3.2 Test Method B -In-Place Density and Unit Weight of Control Fraction (Section 10).
1.4 Selection of Test Methods:
1.4.1 Test Method A is used when the in-place unit weight of total material is to be determined. Test Method A can also be used to determine percent compaction or percent relative density when the maximum particle size present in the in-place material being tested does not exceed the maximum particle size allowed in the laboratory compaction test (refer to Test Methods D698, D1557, D4253, and D4254). For Test Methods D698 and D1557 only, the unit weight determined in the laboratory compaction test may be corrected for larger particle sizes in accordance with, and subject to the limitations of Practice D4718.
1.4.2 Test Method B is used when percent compaction or percent relative density is to be determined and the in-place material contains particles larger than the maximum particle size allowed in the laboratory compaction test or when Practice D4718 is not applicable for the laboratory compaction test. Then the material is considered to consist of two fractions, or portions. The material from the in-place unit weight test is physically divided into a control fraction and an oversize fraction based on a designated sieve size. The unit weight of the control fraction is calculated and co......
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