ASTM D2983-22
Standard Test Method for Low-Temperature Viscosity of Automatic Transmission Fluids, Hydraulic Fluids, and Lubricants using a Rotational Viscometer

Standard No.

ASTM D2983-22

Release Date

2022

Published By

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)

Status

Be replaced

Replace By

ASTM D2983-23

Latest

ASTM D2983-23

Scope

1.1 This test method covers the use of rotational viscometers with an appropriate torque range and specific spindle for the determination of the low-shear-rate viscosity of automatic transmission fluids, gear oils, hydraulic fluids, and some lubricants. This test method covers the viscosity range of 300 mPa·s to 900 000 mPa·s 1.2 This test method was previously titled “LowTemperature Viscosity of Lubricants Measured by Brookfield Viscometer.” In the lubricant industry, D2983 test results have often been referred to as “Brookfield2 Viscosity” which implies a viscosity determined by this method. 1.3 This test method contains four procedures: Procedure A is used when only an air bath is used to cool samples in preparation for viscosity measurement. Procedure B is used when a mechanically refrigerated programmable liquid bath is used to cool samples in preparation for viscosity measurement. Procedure C is used when a mechanically refrigerated constant temperature liquid bath is used to cool samples by means of a simulated air cell (SimAir)3 Cell in preparation for viscosity measurement. Procedure D automates the determination of low temperature, low-shear-rate viscosity by utilizing a thermoelectrically heated and cooled temperature-controlled sample chamber along with a programmable rotational viscometer. 1.4 There are multiple precision studies for this test method. 1.4.1 The viscosity data used for the precision studies for Procedures A, B, and C covered a range from 300 mPa·s to 170 000 mPa·s at test temperatures of –12 °C, –26 °C, and –40 °C. Appendix X5 includes precision data for –55 °C test temperature and includes samples with viscosities greater 500 000 mPa·s. 1.4.2 The viscosity data used for Procedure D precision study was from 6400 mPa·s to 256 000 mPa·s at test temperatures of –26 °C and –40 °C. 1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.5.1 The test method uses the SI unit, milliPascal-second (mPa·s), as the unit of viscosity. (1 cP = 1 mPa·s). 1.6 WARNING—Mercury has been designated by many regulatory agencies as a hazardous substance that can cause serious medical issues. Mercury, or its vapor, has been demonstrated to be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Use Caution when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for additional information. The potential exists that selling mercury or mercury-containing products, or both, is prohibited by local or national law. Users must determine legality of sales in their location. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. 1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.07 on Flow Properties. Current edition approved July 1, 2022. Published August 2022. Originally approved in 1971. Last previous edition approved in 2021 as D2983 – 21. DOI: 10.1520/D2983-22. 2 Brookfield viscometer and accessories are a trademark of AMETEK Brookfield, Inc, 11 Commerce Blvd., Middleboro, MA 02346, http:// www.brookfieldengineering.com. 3 SimAir is a trademark of Tannas Co., 4800 James Savage Rd., Midland, MI 48642, http://www.savantgroup.com. *A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. 1 2. Referenced Documents

ASTM D2983-22 Referenced Document

• ASTM D2162 Standard Test Method for Basic Calibration of Master Viscometers and Viscosity Oil Standards
• ASTM D341 Standard Test Method for Viscosity-Temperature Charts for Liquid Petroleum Products
• ASTM D4175 Standard Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants*， 2023-07-01 Update
• ASTM D5133 Standard Test Method for Low Temperature, Low Shear Rate, Viscosity/Temperature Dependence of Lubricating Oils Using a Temperature-Scanning Technique
• ASTM D5293 Standard Test Method for Apparent Viscosity of Engine Oils Between -5 and -35^oC Using the Cold-Cranking Simulator
• ASTM D6708 Standard Practice for Statistical Assessment and Improvement of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that Purport to Measure the Same Property of a Material*， 2024-03-01 Update
• ASTM D6821 Standard Test Method for Low Temperature Viscosity of Drive Line Lubricants in a Constant Shear Stress Viscometer
• ASTM D7962 Standard Practice for Determination of Minimum Immersion Depth and Assessment of Temperature Sensor Measurement Drift
• ASTM D8210 Standard Test Method for Automatic Determination of Low-Temperature Viscosity of Automatic Transmission Fluids, Hydraulic Fluids, and Lubricants Using a Rotational Viscometer
• ASTM D8278 Standard Specification for Digital Contact Thermometers for Test Methods Measuring Flow Properties of Fuels and Lubricants
• ASTM E1 Standard Specification for ASTM Thermometers
• ISO/IEC 17025 General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories [Standard in French]

ASTM D2983-22 history

• 2023 ASTM D2983-23 Standard Test Method for Low-Temperature Viscosity of Automatic Transmission Fluids, Hydraulic Fluids, and Lubricants using a Rotational Viscometer
• 2022 ASTM D2983-22 Standard Test Method for Low-Temperature Viscosity of Automatic Transmission Fluids, Hydraulic Fluids, and Lubricants using a Rotational Viscometer
• 2021 ASTM D2983-21 Standard Test Method for Low-Temperature Viscosity of Automatic Transmission Fluids, Hydraulic Fluids, and Lubricants using a Rotational Viscometer
• 2020 ASTM D2983-20 Standard Test Method for Low-Temperature Viscosity of Automatic Transmission Fluids, Hydraulic Fluids, and Lubricants using a Rotational Viscometer
• 2019 ASTM D2983-19e1 Standard Test Method for Low-Temperature Viscosity of Automatic Transmission Fluids, Hydraulic Fluids, and Lubricants using a Rotational Viscometer
• 2019 ASTM D2983-19 Standard Test Method for Low-Temperature Viscosity of Automatic Transmission Fluids, Hydraulic Fluids, and Lubricants using a Rotational Viscometer
• 2017 ASTM D2983-17 Standard Test Method for Low-Temperature Viscosity of Automatic Transmission Fluids, Hydraulic Fluids, and Lubricants using a Rotational Viscometer
• 2016 ASTM D2983-16 Standard Test Method for Low-Temperature Viscosity of Automatic Transmission Fluids, Hydraulic Fluids, and Lubricants using a Rotational Viscometer
• 2015 ASTM D2983-15 Standard Test Method for Low-Temperature Viscosity of Lubricants Measured by Brookfield Viscometer
• 2009 ASTM D2983-09 Standard Test Method for Low-Temperature Viscosity of Lubricants Measured by Brookfield Viscometer
• 2004 ASTM D2983-04a Standard Test Method for Low-Temperature Viscosity of Lubricants Measured by Brookfield Viscometer
• 2004 ASTM D2983-04 Standard Test Method for Low-Temperature Viscosity of Lubricants Measured by Brookfield Viscometer
• 2003 ASTM D2983-03 Standard Test Method for Low-Temperature Viscosity of Lubricants Measured by Brookfield Viscometer
• 2002 ASTM D2983-02b Standard Test Method for Low-Temperature Viscosity of Lubricants Measured by Brookfield Viscometer
• 2002 ASTM D2983-02a Standard Test Method for Low-Temperature Viscosity of Lubricants Measured by Brookfield Viscometer
• 2002 ASTM D2983-02 Standard Test Method for Low-Temperature Viscosity of Lubricants Measured by Brookfield Viscometer
• 2001 ASTM D2983-01 Standard Test Method for Low-Temperature Viscosity of Lubricants Measured by Brookfield Viscometer
• 1987 ASTM D2983-87(1993) Standard Test Method for Low-Temperature Viscosity of Lubricants Measured by Brookfield Viscometer