1.1 This test method covers the determination of the Brinell hardness of metallic materials by the Brinell indentation hardness principle. This standard provides the requirements for a Brinell testing machine and the procedures for performing Brinell hardness tests.
1.2 This test method includes requirements for the use of portable Brinell hardness testing machines that measure Brinell hardness by the Brinell hardness test principle and can meet the requirements of this test method, including the direct and indirect verifications of the testing machine. Portable Brinell hardness testing machines that cannot meet the direct verification requirements and can only be verified by indirect verification requirements are covered in Test Method E110.
1.3 This standard includes additional requirements in the following annexes: Verification of Brinell Hardness Testing Machines Annex A1 Brinell Hardness Standardizing Machines Annex A2 Standardization of Brinell Hardness Indenters Annex A3 Standardization of Brinell Hardness Test Blocks Annex A4
1.4 This standard includes nonmandatory information in the following appendixes that relates to the Brinell hardness test: Table of Brinell Hardness Numbers Appendix X1 Examples of Procedures for Determining Brinell Hardness Uncertainty Appendix X2
1.5 At the time the Brinell hardness test was developed, the force levels were specified in units of kilograms-force (kgf). Although this standard specifies the unit of force in the International System of Units (SI) as the Newton (N), because of the historical precedent and continued common usage of kgf units, force values in kgf units are provided for information and much of the discussion in this standard refers to forces in kgf units.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM E10-18 Referenced Document
ASTM A1038 Standard Test Method for Portable Hardness Testing by the Ultrasonic Contact Impedance Method*, 2019-10-01 Update
ASTM A833 Standard Practice for Indentation Hardness of Metallic Materials by Comparison Hardness Testers
ASTM A956 Standard Test Method for Leeb Hardness Testing of Steel Products*, 2024-04-21 Update
ASTM B647 Standard Test Method for Indentation Hardness of Aluminum Alloys by Means of a Webster Hardness Gage
ASTM E110 Standard Test Method for Indentation Hardness of Metallic Materials by Portable Hardness Testers
ASTM E140 Standard Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals Relationship Among Brinell Hardness, Vickers Hardness, Rockwell Hardness, Superficial Hardness, Knoop Hardness, and Scleroscope Hardness
ASTM E29 Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
ASTM E384 Standard Test Method for Microindentation Hardness of Materials
ASTM E74 Standard Practices for Calibration and Verification for Force-Measuring Instruments