ASTM D6623-01
Test Method for Determination of Individual Components in Spark Ignition Engine Fuels by High Resolution Gas Chromatography

Standard No.

ASTM D6623-01

Release Date

2001

Published By

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)

Latest

ASTM D6623-01

Scope

1.1 Procedures A and B: 1.1.1 Test Procedures A and B provide for the determination of individual hydrocarbon components of spark-ignition engine fuels and their mixtures containing oxygenate blends (MTBE, ETBE, ethanol, and so forth.) with boiling ranges up to 225°C. Other light liquid hydrocarbon mixtures typically encountered in petroleum refining operations, such as, blending stocks (naphthas, reformates, alkylates, and so forth.) may also be analyzed; however, statistical data was obtained only with blended spark-ignition engine fuels. 1.1.2 Based on the cooperative study results, individual component concentrations and precision are determined in the range of 0.01 to approximately 30 % mass percent. The procedures may be applicable to higher and lower concentrations for the individual components; however, the user shall verify the accuracy if the procedures are used for components with concentrations outside the specified ranges. 1.1.3 Test Procedures A and B also determine methanol, ethanol, t-butanol methyl t-butyl ether (MTBE), ethyl t-butyl ether (ETBE), t-amyl-methyl-ether (TAME) in spark ignition engine fuels in the concentration range of 1 to 30 mass %. However, the cooperative study data provided sufficient statistical data for MTBE in Procedure B only. 1.1.4 Although a majority of the individual hydrocarbons present are determined, some co-elution of compounds is encountered. If this test method is utilized to estimate bulk hydrocarbon group-type composition (PONA) the user of such data should be cautioned that some error will be encountered due to co-elution and a lack of identification of all components present. Samples containing significant amounts of olefinic or naphthenic, or both (for example, virgin naphthas) constituents 1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D.02.04.0L on Hydrocarbon Analysis. Current edition approved March 10, 2001. Published May 2001. 1 Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States. NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information. above N-octane may reflect significant errors in PONA type groupings. Based on the gasoline samples in the interlaboratory cooperative study, these procedures are applicable to concentrations of olefins to less than 25 mass %. However, some interfering coelution with the olefins above C7 is possible, particularly if blending components or their higher boiling cuts such as those derived from fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) are analyzed, and the total olefin content may not be accurate. Appendix X1 of this test method compares results of the test procedures with other test methods for selected components, including olefins, and several group types for several interlaboratory cooperative study samples. Although benzene, toluene and several oxygenates are determined, when doubtful as to the analytical results of these components, confirmatory analysis can be obtained by using the specific test methods listed in the reference section. 1.1.4.1 Total olefins in the samples may be obtained or confirmed, or both, if necessary, by Test Method D 1319 (volume %) or other test methods, such as those based on multidimentional PONA type of instruments. 1.1.5 If water is or is suspected of being present, its concentration may be determined, if desired, by the use of Test Method D 1744 or equivalent. Other compounds containing oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, and so forth may also be present, and may co-elute with the hydrocarbons. If determination of these specific compounds is required, it is recommended that test methods for these specific materials be used, such as Test Methods D 4815 and D 5599 for oxygenates, and Test Method D 5623 for sulfur compounds or equivalent. 1.2 Procedure C: 1.2.1 Test Procedure C provides for the determination of individual hydrocarbon components of spark-ignition engine fuels with boiling ranges up to 225°C. Other light liquid hydrocarbon mixtures typically encountered in petroleum refining operations, such as, blending stocks (naphthas, reformates, alkylates, and so forth) may also be analyzed; however, statistical data was obtained only with blended spark-ignition engine fuels. The tables related to Procedure C enumerate the components reported. Component concentrations are determined in the range of 0.10 to 15 mass %. The procedure may be applicable to higher and lower concentrations for the individual components; however, the user shall verify the accuracy if the procedures are used for components with concentrations outside the specified ranges. 1.2.2 This test method is applicable also to spark-ignition engine fuel blends containing oxygenated components. However, in this case, the oxygenate content shall be determined by Test Methods D 5599 or D 4815. 1.2.3 Benzene co-elutes with 1-methylcyclopentene. Benzene content shall be determined by Test Method D 3606 or D 5580. 1.2.4 Toluene co-elutes with 2,3,3-trimethylpentane. Toluene content shall be determined by Test Method D 3606 or D 5580. 1.2.5 Although a majority of the individual hydrocarbons present are determined, some co-elution of compounds is encountered. If this procedure is utilized to estimate bulk hydrocarbon group-type composition (PONA) the user of such data should be cautioned that some error will be encountered due to co-elution and a lack of identification of all components present. Samples containing significant amounts of olefinic (for example, cracked naphthas) or naphthenic, or both (for example, virgin naphthas) constituents above N-octane may reflect significant errors in PONA type groupings. Based on the interlaboratory cooperative study, this procedure is applicable to concentrations of olefins to less than 20 mass %. However, some interfering coelution with the olefins above normal heptane is possible, particularly if blending components or their higher boiling cuts such as those derived from fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) are analyzed, and the total olefin content may not be accurate. Since many of the olefins in spark ignition fuels are at a concentration below 0.10 %, they are not reported by this test method and may bias the total olefin results low. 1.2.5.1 Total olefins in the samples may be obtained or confirmed, or both by Test Method D 1319 (volume %) or other test methods, such as those based on multidimentional PONA type of instruments. 1.2.6 If water is or is suspected of being present, its concentration may be determined, if desired, by the use of Test Method D 1744. Other compounds containing sulfur, nitrogen, and so forth may also be present, and may co-elute with the hydrocarbons. If determination of these specific compounds is required it is recommended that test methods for these specific materials be used, such as Test Method D 5623 for sulfur compounds. 1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only. 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ASTM D6623-01 Referenced Document

• ASTM D1319 Standard Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid Petroleum Products by Fluorescent Indicator Adsorption
• ASTM D1744 Standard Test Method for Determination of Water in Liquid Petroleum Products by Karl Fischer Reagent
• ASTM D3606 Standard Test Method for Determination of Benzene and Toluene in Finished Motor and Aviation Gasoline by Gas Chromatography
• ASTM D3700 Standard Practice for Obtaining LPG Samples Using a Floating Piston Cylinder
• ASTM D4057 Standard Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
• ASTM D4177 Standard Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
• ASTM D4307 Standard Practice for Preparation of Liquid Blends for Use as Analytical Standards
• ASTM D4420 Standard Test Method for Determination of Aromatics in Finished Gasoline by Gas Chromatography)
• ASTM D4626 Standard Practice for Calculation of Gas Chromatographic Response Factors*， 2019-12-01 Update
• ASTM D4815 Standard Test Method for Determination of MTBE, ETBE, TAME, DIPE, tertiary-Amyl Alcohol and C₁ to C₄ Alcohols in Gasoline by Gas Chromatography
• ASTM D5580 Standard Test Method for Determination of Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, p/m-Xylene, o-Xylene, C9 and Heavier Aromatics, and Total Aromat*， 2021-04-01 Update
• ASTM D5599 Standard Test Method for Determination of Oxygenates in Gasoline by Gas Chromatography and Oxygen Selective Flame Ionization Detection*， 2022-04-01 Update
• ASTM D5623 Standard Test Method for Sulfur Compounds in Light Petroleum Liquids by Gas Chromatography and Sulfur Selective Detection*， 2004-05-01 Update
• ASTM E1510 Standard Practice for Installing Fused Silica Open Tubular Capillary Columns in Gas Chromatographs*， 2021-04-01 Update
• ASTM E355 Standard Practice for Gas Chromatography Terms and Relationships*， 2024-04-21 Update
• ASTM E594 Standard Practice for Testing Flame Ionization Detectors Used in Gas or Supercritical Fluid Chromatography*， 2019-09-01 Update

ASTM D6623-01 history

• 2001 ASTM D6623-01 Test Method for Determination of Individual Components in Spark Ignition Engine Fuels by High Resolution Gas Chromatography