ASTM D6839-21a
Standard Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types, Oxygenated Compounds, Benzene, and Toluene in Spark Ignition Engine Fuels by Multidimensional Gas Chromatography

Standard No.

ASTM D6839-21a

Release Date

2021

Published By

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)

Latest

ASTM D6839-21a

Scope

1.1 This test method covers the quantitative determination of saturates, olefins, aromatics, and oxygenates in sparkignition engine fuels by multidimensional gas chromatography. Each hydrocarbon type can be reported either by carbon number (see Note 1) or as a total. NOTE 1—There can be an overlap between the C9 and C10 aromatics; however, the total is accurate. Isopropyl benzene is resolved from the C8 aromatics and is included with the other C9 aromatics. 1.2 This test method is not intended to determine individual hydrocarbon components except benzene and toluene. 1.3 This test method is divided into two parts, Part A and Part B. 1.3.1 Part A is applicable to the concentration ranges for which precision (Table 10 and Table 11) has been obtained: Property Units Applicable range Total aromatics Volume % 19.32 to 46.29 Total saturates Volume % 26.85 to 79.31 Total olefins Volume % 0.40 to 26.85 Oxygenates Volume % 0.61 to 9.85 Oxygen Content Mass % 2.01 to 12.32 Benzene Volume % 0.38 to 1.98 Toluene Volume % 5.85 to 31.65 Methanol Volume % 1.05 to 16.96 Ethanol Volume % 0.50 to 17.86 MTBE Volume % 0.99 to 15.70 ETBE Volume % 0.99 to 15.49 TAME Volume % 0.99 to 5.92 TAEE Volume % 0.98 to 15.59 1.3.1.1 This test method is specifically developed for the analysis of automotive motor gasoline that contains oxygenates, but it also applies to other hydrocarbon streams having similar boiling ranges, such as naphthas and reformates. 1.3.2 Part B describes the procedure for the analysis of oxygenated groups (ethanol, methanol, ethers, C3 to C5 alcohols) in ethanol fuels containing an ethanol volume fraction between 50 % and 85 % (17 % to 29 % oxygen). The gasoline is diluted with an oxygenate-free component to lower the ethanol content to a value below 20 % before the analysis by GC. The diluting solvent should not be considered in the integration, this makes it possible to report the results of the undiluted sample after normalization to 100 %. 1.4 Oxygenates as specified in Test Method D4815 have been verified not to interfere with hydrocarbons. Within the round robin sample set, the following oxygenates have been tested: MTBE, ethanol, ETBE, TAME, iso-propanol, isobutanol, tert-butanol and methanol. Applicability of this test method has also been verified for the determination of n-propanol, acetone, and di-isopropyl ether (DIPE). However, no precision data have been determined for these compounds. 1.4.1 Other oxygenates can be determined and quantified using Test Method D4815 or D5599. 1.5 The method is harmonized with ISO 22854. 1.6 This test method includes a relative bias section for U.S. EPA spark-ignition engine fuel regulations for total olefins reporting based on Practice D6708 accuracy assessment between Test Method D6839 and Test Method D1319 as a possible Test Method D6839 alternative to Test Method D1319. The Practice D6708 derived correlation equation is only applicable for fuels in the total olefins concentration range from 0.2 % to 18.2 % by volume as measured by Test Method D6839. The applicable Test Method D1319 range for total olefins is from 0.6 % to 20.6 % by volume as reported by Test Method D1319. 1.7 This test method includes a relative bias section for reporting benzene based on Practice D6708 accuracy assessment between Test Method D6839 and Test Method D3606 (Procedure B) as a possible Test Method D6839 alternative to Test Method D3606 (Procedure B). The Practice D6708 derived correlation equation is only applicable for fuels in the benzene concentration range from 0.52 % to 1.67 % by volume as measured by Test Method D6839. 1.8 This test method includes a relative bias section for reporting benzene based on Practice D6708 accuracy assessment between Test Method D6839 and Test Method D5580 as a possible Test Method D6839 alternative to Test Method 1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.04.0L on Gas Chromatography Methods. Current edition approved May 1, 2021. Published July 2021. Originally approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2021 as D6839 – 21. DOI: 10.1520/ D6839-21A. *A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. 1 D5580. The Practice D6708 derived correlation equation is only applicable for fuels in the benzene concentration range from 0.52 % to 1.67 % by volume as measured by Test Method D6839. 1.9 This test method includes a relative bias section for reporting benzene based on Practice D6708 accuracy assessment between Test Method D6839 and Test Method D5769 as a possible Test Method D6839 alternative to Test Method D5769. The Practice D6708 derived correlation equation is only applicable for fuels in the benzene concentration range from 0.52 % to 1.67 % by volume as measured by Test Method D6839. 1.10 This test method includes a relative bias section for reporting total aromatics based on Practice D6708 accuracy assessment between Test Method D6839 and Test Method D1319 as a possible Test Method D6839 alternative to Test Method D1319. The Practice D6708 derived correlation equation is only applicable for fuels in the total aromatics concentration range from 14.3 % to 31.2 % by volume as measured by Test Method D6839. 1.11 This test method includes a relative bias section for reporting total aromatics based on Practice D6708 accuracy assessment between Test Method D6839 and Test Method D5580 as a possible Test Method D6839 alternative to Test Method D5580. The Practice D6708 derived correlation equation is only applicable for fuels in the total aromatics concentration range from 14.3 % to 31.2 % by volume as measured by Test Method D6839. 1.12 This test method includes a relative bias section for reporting total aromatics based on Practice D6708 accuracy assessment between Test Method D6839 and Test Method D5769 as a possible Test Method D6839 alternative to Test Method D5769. The Practice D6708 derived correlation equation is only applicable for fuels in the total aromatics concentration range from 14.3 % to 30.1 % by volume as measured by Test Method D6839. 1.13 This test method includes a relative bias section for reporting total olefins based on Practice D6708 accuracy assessment between Test Method D6839 and Test Method D6550 as a possible Test Method D6839 alternative to Test Method D6550. The Practice D6708 derived correlation equation is only applicable for fuels in the total olefins concentration range from 1.5 % to 17.2 % by volume as measured by Test Method D6839. 1.14 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.15 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.16 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ASTM D6839-21a Referenced Document

• ASTM D1319 Standard Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid Petroleum Products by Fluorescent Indicator Adsorption
• ASTM D3606 Standard Test Method for Determination of Benzene and Toluene in Finished Motor and Aviation Gasoline by Gas Chromatography
• ASTM D4307 Standard Practice for Preparation of Liquid Blends for Use as Analytical Standards
• ASTM D4815 Standard Test Method for Determination of MTBE, ETBE, TAME, DIPE, tertiary-Amyl Alcohol and C₁ to C₄ Alcohols in Gasoline by Gas Chromatography
• ASTM D5580 Standard Test Method for Determination of Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, p/m-Xylene, o-Xylene, C9 and Heavier Aromatics, and Total Aromat
• ASTM D5599 Standard Test Method for Determination of Oxygenates in Gasoline by Gas Chromatography and Oxygen Selective Flame Ionization Detection*， 2022-04-01 Update
• ASTM D5769 Standard Test Method for Determination of Benzene, Toluene, and Total Aromatics in Finished Gasolines by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry
• ASTM D6550 Standard Test Method for Determination of Olefin Content of Gasolines by Supercritical-Fluid Chromatography
• ASTM D6708 Standard Practice for Statistical Assessment and Improvement of Expected Agreement Between Two Test Methods that Purport to Measure the Same Property of a Material*， 2024-03-01 Update
• ISO 22854 Liquid petroleum products - Determination of hydrocarbon types and oxygenates in automotive-motor gasoline and in ethanol (E85) automotive fuel - Multidimensional gas chromatography method*， 2021-06-30 Update
• ISO 4259 Petroleum products - Determination and application of precision data in relation to methods of test

ASTM D6839-21a history

• 2021 ASTM D6839-21a Standard Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types, Oxygenated Compounds, Benzene, and Toluene in Spark Ignition Engine Fuels by Multidimensional Gas Chromatography
• 2021 ASTM D6839-21 Standard Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types, Oxygenated Compounds, and Benzene in Spark Ignition Engine Fuels by Gas Chromatography
• 2018 ASTM D6839-18 Standard Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types, Oxygenated Compounds, and Benzene in Spark Ignition Engine Fuels by Gas Chromatography
• 2017 ASTM D6839-17 Standard Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types, Oxygenated Compounds, and Benzene in Spark Ignition Engine Fuels by Gas Chromatography
• 2016 ASTM D6839-16 Standard Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types, Oxygenated Compounds, and Benzene in Spark Ignition Engine Fuels by Gas Chromatography
• 2015 ASTM D6839-15 Standard Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types, Oxygenated Compounds and Benzene in Spark Ignition Engine Fuels by Gas Chromatography
• 2013 ASTM D6839-13 Standard Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types, Oxygenated Compounds, and Benzene in Spark Ignition Engine Fuels by Gas Chromatography
• 2002 ASTM D6839-02(2007) Standard Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types, Oxygenated Compounds and Benzene in Spark Ignition Engine Fuels by Gas Chromatography
• 2002 ASTM D6839-02 Standard Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types, Oxygenated Compounds and Benzene in Spark Ignition Engine Fuels by Gas Chromatography