ASTM D7320-18
Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIG, Spark-Ignition Engine

Standard No.

ASTM D7320-18

Release Date

2018

Published By

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)

Status

Be replaced

Replace By

ASTM D7320-18e1

Latest

ASTM D7320-18e1

Scope

1.1 This test method covers an engine test procedure for evaluating automotive engine oils for certain high-temperature performance characteristics, including oil thickening, varnish deposition, oil consumption, as well as engine wear. Such oils include both single viscosity grade and multiviscosity grade oils that are used in both spark-ignition, gasoline-fueled engines, as well as in diesel engines. 1.1.1 Additionally, with nonmandatory supplemental requirements, a IIIGA Test (Mini Rotary Viscometer and Cold Cranking Simulator measurements), a IIIGVS Test (EOT viscosity increase measurement), or a IIIGB Test (phosphorous retention measurement) can be conducted. These supplemental test procedures are contained in Appendix X1, Appendix X2, and Appendix X3, respectively. NOTE 1—Companion test methods used to evaluate engine oil performance for specification requirements are discussed in SAE J304. 1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.2.1 Exception—Where there is no direct SI equivalent such as screw threads, national pipe threads/diameters, and tubing size. 1.3 This test method is arranged as follows: Section Introduction Scope 1 Referenced Documents 2 Terminology 3 Summary of Test Methods 4 Significance and Use 5 Apparatus 6 Laboratory 6.1 Drawings 6.2 Specified Equipment 6.3 Test Engine 6.4 Engine Parts 6.4.1 Engine Speed and Load Control 6.5 Fluid Conditioning Module 6.6 Engine Cooling System 6.6.1 Flushing Tank 6.7 1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.B0.01 on Passenger Car Engine Oils. Current edition approved April 1, 2018. Published April 2018. Originally approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as D7320 – 17a. DOI: 10.1520/D7320-18. 2 Until the next revision of this test method, the ASTM Test Monitoring Center will update changes in the test method by means of information letters. Information letters may be obtained from the ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489. Attention: Administrator. This edition incorporates revisions in all information letters through No. 17-3. *A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. 1 Section Coolant Mixing Tank 6.8 Condenser Cooling Systems 6.9 Engine Oil-Cooling System 6.10 Fuel System 6.11 Induction Air Supply Humidity, Temperature, and Pressure 6.12 Temperature Measurement 6.13 Thermocouple Location 6.13.1 Air-to-Fuel Ratio Determination 6.14 Injector Flow Testing 6.14.1 Exhaust and Exhaust Back Pressure Systems 6.15 Blowby Flow Rate Measurement 6.16 Pressure Measurement and Pressure Sensor Location 6.17 Reagents and Materials 7 Test Fuel 7.1 Engine and Condenser Coolant 7.2 Coolant Additive 7.3 Coolant Preparation 7.4 Pre-Test Cleaning Materials 7.5 Sealing and Anti-seize Compounds 7.6 Test Oil Sample Requirements 8 Preparation of Apparatus 9 Condenser Cleaning 9.1 Intake Manifold Cleaning 9.2 Cleaning of Engine Parts (other than the block and heads) 9.3 Connecting Rod Cleaning 9.4 Engine Block Cleaning 9.5 Cylinder Head Cleaning 9.6 Engine Build-up Procedure 9.7 General Information 9.7.1 Special Parts 9.7.2 Hardware Information 9.7.3 Fastener Torque Specifications and Torquing Procedures 9.7.4 Main Bearing Cap Bolts 9.7.4.1 Cylinder Head Bolts 9.7.4.2 Torques for Miscellaneous Bolts, Studs, and Nuts 9.7.4.3 Parts Replacement 9.8 Engine Block Preparation 9.9 Piston Fitting and Numbering 9.10 Piston Ring Fitting 9.10.1 Pre-Test Camshaft and Lifter Measurements 9.11 Camshaft Bearing Installation 9.12 Camshaft Installation 9.13 Main Bearings 9.14 Crankshaft Installation 9.14.1 Main Bearing Cap Installation 9.14.2 Crankshaft Sprocket 9.15 Camshaft Sprocket, and Timing Chain 9.16 Crankshaft End Play 9.17 Piston Pin Installation 9.18 Piston Installation 9.18.1 Harmonic Balancer 9.19 Connecting Rod Bearings 9.20 Engine Front Cover 9.21 Coolant Inlet Adapter 9.22 Oil Dipstick Hole 9.23 Oil Pan 9.24 Cylinder Head Assembly 9.25 Adjustment of Valve Spring Loads 9.26 Cylinder Head Installation 9.27 Hydraulic Valve Lifters 9.28 Pushrods 9.29 Valve Train Loading 9.30 Intake Manifold 9.31 Rocker Covers 9.32 Water Inlet Adapter 9.33 Condenser 9.34 Coolant Outlet Adapter 9.35 External Oil Cooling System 9.36 Oil Sample Valve 9.37 Ignition System 9.38 Throttle Body 9.39 Accessory Drive Units 9.40 Exhaust Manifolds, Water-Cooled 9.41 Engine Flywheel 9.42 Pressure Checking of Engine Coolant System 9.43 Lifting of Assembled Engines 9.44 Mounting the Engine on the Test Stand 9.45 Section External Cooling System Cleaning 9.46 Engine Coolant Jacket Cleaning (Flushing) 9.47 Coolant Charging 9.48 Test Oil Charging 9.49 Engine Oil Pump Priming 9.50 Calibration 10 Laboratory and Engine Test Stand Calibration 10.1 Testing of Reference Oils 10.2 Reference Oil Test Frequency 10.3 Evaluation of Reference Oil Test Results 10.4 Status of Non-Reference Oil Tests Relative to Reference Oil Test 10.5 Status of Test Stands Used for Non-Standard Tests 10.6 Data Acquisition and Control 10.7 Sample Rate 10.7.1 Measurement Accuracy 10.7.2 Temperature 10.7.3 Pressure 10.7.4 Flow 10.7.5 Speed 10.7.6 Load 10.7.7 Measurement Resolution 10.7.8 System Time Response 10.7.9 Quality Index 10.7.10 Engine Operating Procedure 11 Dipstick and Hole Plug 11.1 Dipstick Hole O-ring 11.2 Engine Start-up and Shutdown Procedures 11.3 Start-up 11.4 Scheduled Shutdown 11.5 Non-Scheduled Shutdowns 11.6 Oil Sampling 11.7 Oil Leveling 11.8 Air-to-Fuel-Ratio Measurement and Control 11.9 Air-to-Fuel Ratio Verification 11.10 Blowby Flow Rate Measurement 11.11 NOx Determinations 11.12 Data Recording 11.13 Initial run (10 min) 11.14 Engine Oil Quality Testing (100 h) 11.15 Test Termination 11.16 Determination of Test Results 12 Engine Disassembly 12.2 Preparation of Parts for Rating of Sticking, Deposits, and Plugging 12.3 Piston Deposit Rating 12.4 Post-Test Camshaft and Lifter Wear Measurements 12.5 Viscosity Test 12.6 Testing Oil Samples for Wear Metals 12.7 Blowby Flow Rate Measurements 12.8 Oil Consumption Computation 12.9 Photographs of Test Parts 12.10 Retention of Representative Test Parts 12.11 Severity Adjustments 12.12 Determination of Operational Validity 12.13 Report 13 Report Forms 13.1 Precision of Reported Units 13.4 Precision and Bias 14 Keywords 15 ASTM Test Monitoring Center: Organization Annex A1 ASTM Test Monitoring Center: Calibration Procedures Annex A2 ASTM Test Monitoring Center: Maintenance Activities Annex A3 ASTM Test Monitoring Center: Related Information Annex A4 Sequence IIIG Test Parts Replacement Guidelines Annex A5 Sequence IIIG Determination Volume of Engine Oil in Pan Annex A6 Sequence IIIG Test Fuel Analysis Annex A7 Sequence IIIG Test Report Forms and Data Dictionary Annex A8 Sequence IIIG Test Air-to-Fuel Ratio Control Flow Chart Annex A9 Sequence IIIG Test Set Points and Control States Annex A10 Sequence IIIG Quality Index Upper and Lower Values Annex A11 Sequence IIIG Engine Oil Level Worksheet Annex A12 Blowby Flow Rate Determination Annex A13 Safety Hazards Annex A14 Sequence IIIG Blueprint Listing Annex A15 Fluid Condition Module Components Annex A16 Engine Build Worksheets Annex A17 D7320 − 18 2 Section Engine Oil Cooling System Schematic Annex A18 Guidelines For Hardware Subject To First-In/First-Out Criteria Annex A19 Sequence IIIGA Test Procedure Appendix X1 Sequence IIIGVIS Test Procedure Appendix X2 Sequence IIIGB Test Procedure Appendix X3 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are provided in 6.14.1.1 and 7.1. 1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ASTM D7320-18 Referenced Document

• ASTM D130 Standard Test Method for Detection of Copper Corrosion from Petroleum Products by the Copper Strip Tarnish Test
• ASTM D1319 Standard Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid Petroleum Products by Fluorescent Indicator Adsorption
• ASTM D235 Standard Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits) (Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)
• ASTM D240 Standard Test Method for Heat of Combustion of Liquid Hydrocarbon Fuels by Bomb Calorimeter
• ASTM D2699 Standard Test Method for Research Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
• ASTM D2700 Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
• ASTM D323 Standard Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Reid Method)
• ASTM D3231 Standard Test Method for Phosphorus in Gasoline
• ASTM D3237 Standard Test Method for Lead In Gasoline By Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
• ASTM D3244 Standard Practice for Utilization of Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
• ASTM D3338 Standard Test Method for Estimation of Net Heat of Combustion of Aviation Fuels
• ASTM D3343 Standard Test Method for Estimation of Hydrogen Content of Aviation Fuels
• ASTM D381 Standard Test Method for Existent Gum in Fuels by Jet Evaporation
• ASTM D4052 Standard Test Method for Density and Relative Density of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
• ASTM D4175 Standard Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants*， 2023-07-01 Update
• ASTM D445 Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (the Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
• ASTM D4485 Standard Specification for Performance of Active API Service Category Engine Oils*， 2022-09-01 Update
• ASTM D4684 Standard Test Method for Determination of Yield Stress and Apparent Viscosity of Engine Oils at Low Temperature
• ASTM D4815 Standard Test Method for Determination of MTBE, ETBE, TAME, DIPE, tertiary-Amyl Alcohol and C₁ to C₄ Alcohols in Gasoline by Gas Chromatography
• ASTM D5185 Standard Test Method for Determination of Additive Elements, Wear Metals, and Contaminants in Used Lubricating Oils and Determination of Selected Elements in Base Oils by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES)
• ASTM D5191 Standard Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Mini Method)
• ASTM D525 Standard Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Gasoline (Induction Period Method)*， 2019-12-01 Update
• ASTM D5293 Standard Test Method for Apparent Viscosity of Engine Oils Between -5 and -35^oC Using the Cold-Cranking Simulator
• ASTM D5452 Standard Test Method for Particulate Contamination in Aviation Fuels by Laboratory Filtration*， 2023-05-01 Update
• ASTM D5453 Standard Test Method for Determination of Total Sulfur in Light Hydrocarbons, Spark Ignition Engine Fuel, Diesel Engine Fuel, and Engine Oil by Ultraviolet Fluorescence*， 2019-07-01 Update
• ASTM D5862 Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Engine Oils in Two-Stroke Cycle Turbo-Supercharged 6V92TA Diesel Engine
• ASTM D6593 Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils for Inhibition of Deposit Formation in a Spark-Ignition Internal Combustion Engine Fueled with Gasoline and Operated Under Low-Temperature*， 2018-10-01 Update
• ASTM D6750 Standard Test Methods for Evaluation of Engine Oils in a High-Speed, Single-Cylinder Diesel Engine—1K Procedure (0.4 % Fuel Sulfur) and 1N Procedure (0.04 % Fuel Sulfur)*， 2023-07-01 Update
• ASTM D6984 Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIF, Spark-Ignition Engine
• ASTM D7422 Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Diesel Engine Oils in T-12 Exhaust Gas Recirculation Diesel Engine*， 2023-12-01 Update
• ASTM D86 Standard Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products
• ASTM E1119 Standard Specification for Industrial Grade Ethylene Glycol
• ASTM E191 Standard Specification for Apparatus For Microdetermination of Carbon and Hydrogen in Organic and Organo-Metallic Compounds
• ASTM E29 Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
• ASTM E608/E608M Standard Specification for Mineral-Insulated, Metal-Sheathed Base Metal Thermocouples*， 2019-05-01 Update
• IEEE/ASTM SI 10 American National Standard for Metric Practice

ASTM D7320-18 history

• 2018 ASTM D7320-18e1 Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIG, Spark-Ignition Engine
• 2018 ASTM D7320-18 Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIG, Spark-Ignition Engine
• 2017 ASTM D7320-17a Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIG, Spark-Ignition Engine
• 2017 ASTM D7320-17 Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIG, Spark-Ignition Engine
• 2016 ASTM D7320-16a Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIG, Spark-Ignition Engine
• 2016 ASTM D7320-16 Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIG, Spark-Ignition Engine
• 2015 ASTM D7320-15a Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIG, Spark-Ignition Engine
• 2015 ASTM D7320-15 Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIG, Spark-Ignition Engine
• 2014 ASTM D7320-14 Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIG, Spark-Ignition Engine
• 2013 ASTM D7320-13 Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIG, Spark-Ignition Engine
• 2012 ASTM D7320-12a Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIG, Spark-Ignition Engine
• 2012 ASTM D7320-12 Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIG, Spark-Ignition Engine
• 2011 ASTM D7320-11a Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIG, Spark-Ignition Engine
• 2011 ASTM D7320-11 Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIG, Spark-Ignition Engine
• 2010 ASTM D7320-10b Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIG, Spark-Ignition Engine
• 2010 ASTM D7320-10a Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIG, Spark-Ignition Engine
• 2010 ASTM D7320-10 Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIG, Spark-Ignition Engine
• 2009 ASTM D7320-09a Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIG, Spark-Ignition Engine
• 2009 ASTM D7320-09 Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIG, Spark-Ignition Engine
• 2008 ASTM D7320-08a Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIG, Spark-Ignition Engine
• 2008 ASTM D7320-08 Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIG, Spark-Ignition Engine
• 2007 ASTM D7320-07a Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIG, Spark-Ignition Engine
• 2007 ASTM D7320-07 Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIG, Spark-Ignition Engine
• 2006 ASTM D7320-06 Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils in the Sequence IIIG, Spark-Ignition Engine