ASTM E1875-20a
Standard Test Method for Dynamic Young's Modulus, Shear Modulus, and Poisson's Ratio by Sonic Resonance

Standard No.

ASTM E1875-20a

Release Date

2020

Published By

American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)

Latest

ASTM E1875-20a

Scope

1.1 This test method covers the determination of the dynamic elastic properties of elastic materials. Specimens of these materials possess specific mechanical resonant frequencies that are determined by the modulus of elasticity, mass, and geometry of the test specimen. Therefore, the dynamic elastic properties of a material can be computed if the geometry, mass, and mechanical resonant frequencies of a suitable test specimen of that material can be measured. The dynamic Young’s modulus is determined using the fundamental flexural resonant frequency. The dynamic shear modulus, or modulus of rigidity, is found using the fundamental torsional resonant frequency. Dynamic Young’s modulus and dynamic shear modulus are used to compute Poisson’s ratio. 1.2 This test method is specifically appropriate for materials that are elastic, homogeneous, and isotropic (1).2 1.3 Materials of a composite character (particulate, whisker, or fiber reinforced) may be tested by this test method with the understanding that the character (volume fraction, size, morphology, distribution, orientation, elastic properties, and interfacial bonding) of the reinforcement in the test specimen will have a direct effect on the elastic properties. These reinforcement effects shall be considered in interpreting the test results for composites. 1.4 This test method shall not be used for determination of Poisson’s ratio of anisotropic materials. NOTE 1—For anisotropic materials, Poisson’s ratio can have different values in different directions. Due to the lack of symmetry in anisotropic materials, the elasticity tensor cannot be reduced to only two independent numbers, and the simplified relation between E, G, and µ is not valid. 1.5 This test method should not be used for specimens that have cracks or voids that are major discontinuities in the specimen. 1.6 The test method should not be used when materials cannot be fabricated in a uniform rectangular or circular cross section. 1.7 An elevated-temperature furnace and cryogenic chamber are described for measuring the dynamic elastic moduli as a function of temperature from –195 °C to 1200 °C. 1.8 This test method may be modified for use in quality control. A range of acceptable resonant frequencies is determined for a specimen with a particular geometry and mass. Any specimen with a frequency response falling outside this frequency range is rejected. The actual modulus of each specimen need not be determined as long as the limits of the selected frequency range are known to include the resonant frequency that the specimen must possess if its geometry and mass are within specified tolerances. 1.9 There are material-specific ASTM standards that cover the determination of resonant frequencies and elastic properties of specific materials by sonic resonance or by impulse excitation of vibration. Test Methods C215, C623, C747, C848, C1198, C1259, and C1548 differ from this test method in several areas (for example; specimen size, dimensional tolerances, specimen preparation). The testing of these materials shall be done in compliance with these material specific standards. Where possible, the procedures, specimen specifications, and calculations are consistent with these test methods. 1.10 A separate standard, Test Method E1876, governs determination of dynamic elastic moduli by impulse excitation instead of sonic resonance. 1.11 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard. 1.12 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.13 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the 1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E28 on Mechanical Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E28.04 on Uniaxial Testing. Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2020. Published March 2021. Originally approved in 1997. Last previous edition approved in 2020 as E1875-20. DOI: 10.1520/E1875-20A. 2 The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to a list of references at the end of this standard. *A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. 1 Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ASTM E1875-20a Referenced Document

• ASTM C1198 Standard Test Method for Dynamic Young's Modulus, Shear Modulus, and Poisson's Ratio for Advanced Ceramics by Sonic Resonance
• ASTM C1259 Standard Test Method for Dynamic Young''s Modulus, Shear Modulus, and Poisson''s Ratio for Advanced Ceramics by Impulse Excitation of Vibration
• ASTM C1548 Standard Test Method for Dynamic Young’s Modulus, Shear Modulus, and Poisson’s Ratio of Refractory Materials by Impulse Excitation of Vibration
• ASTM C215 Standard Test Method for Fundamental Transverse, Longitudinal, and Torsional Frequencies of Concrete Specimens
• ASTM C623 Standard Test Method for Young's Modulus, Shear Modulus, and Poisson's Ratio for Glass and Glass-Ceramics by Resonance
• ASTM C747 Standard Test Method for Moduli of Elasticity and Fundamental Frequencies of Carbon and Graphite Materials by Sonic Resonance
• ASTM C848 Standard Test Method for Young’s Modulus, Shear Modulus, and Poisson’s Ratio For Ceramic Whitewares by Resonance
• ASTM E177 Standard Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
• ASTM E1876 Standard Test Method for Dynamic Young's Modulus, Shear Modulus, and Poisson's Ratio by Impulse Excitation of Vibration
• ASTM E6 Standard Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing
• ASTM E691 Standard Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method

ASTM E1875-20a history

• 2020 ASTM E1875-20a Standard Test Method for Dynamic Young's Modulus, Shear Modulus, and Poisson's Ratio by Sonic Resonance
• 2020 ASTM E1875-20 Standard Test Method for Dynamic Young's Modulus, Shear Modulus, and Poisson's Ratio by Sonic Resonance
• 2013 ASTM E1875-13 Standard Test Method for Dynamic Young''s Modulus, Shear Modulus, and Poisson''s Ratio by Sonic Resonance
• 2008 ASTM E1875-08 Standard Test Method for Dynamic Young''s Modulus, Shear Modulus, and Poisson''s Ratio by Sonic Resonance
• 2000 ASTM E1875-00e1 Standard Test Method for Dynamic Young''s Modulus, Shear Modulus, and Poisson''s Ratio by Sonic Resonance
• 2000 ASTM E1875-00 Standard Test Method for Dynamic Young''s Modulus, Shear Modulus, and Poisson''s Ratio by Sonic Resonance