1.1 This laboratory test method covers the quantitative determination of the knock rating of liquid spark-ignition engine fuel in terms of Motor octane number, including fuels that contain up to 25 % v/v of ethanol. However, this test method may not be applicable to fuel and fuel components that are primarily oxygenates.2 The sample fuel is tested in a standardized single cylinder, four-stroke cycle, variable compression ratio, carbureted, CFR engine run in accordance with a defined set of operating conditions. The octane number scale is defined by the volumetric composition of primary reference fuel blends. The sample fuel knock intensity is compared to that of one or more primary reference fuel blends. The octane number of the primary reference fuel blend that matches the knock intensity of the sample fuel establishes the Motor octane number.
1.2 The octane number scale covers the range from 0 to 120 octane number, but this test method has a working range from 40 to 120 octane number. Typical commercial fuels produced for automotive spark-ignition engines rate in the 80 to 90 Motor octane number range. Typical commercial fuels produced for aviation spark-ignition engines rate in the 98 to 102 Motor octane number range. Testing of gasoline blend stocks or other process stream materials can produce ratings at various levels throughout the Motor octane number range.
1.3 The values of operating conditions are stated in SI units and are considered standard. The values in parentheses are the historical inch-pounds units. The standardized CFR engine measurements continue to be in inch-pound units only because of the extensive and expensive tooling that has been created for this equipment.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For more specific hazard statements, see Section 8, 14.4.1, 15.5.1, 16.6.1, Annex A1, A2.2.3.1, A2.2.3.3(6) and (9), A2.3.5, X3.3.7, X4.2.3.1, X4.3.4.1, X4.3.9.3, X4.3.12.4, and X4.5.1.8.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM D2700-18 Referenced Document
ASTM D1193 Standard Specification for Reagent Water
ASTM D2268 Standard Test Method for Analysis of High-Purity n-Heptane and Isooctane by Capillary Gas Chromatography
ASTM D2699 Standard Test Method for Research Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
ASTM D2885 Standard Test Method for Research and Motor Method Octane Ratings Using On-Line Analyzers
ASTM D3703 Standard Test Method for Peroxide Number of Aviation Turbine Fuels
ASTM D4057 Standard Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
ASTM D4175 Standard Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants*, 2023-07-01 Update
ASTM D4177 Standard Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
ASTM D4814 Standard Specification for Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
ASTM D5842 Standard Practice for Sampling and Handling of Fuels for Volatility Measurement
ASTM D6299 Standard Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measurement System Performance*, 2023-07-01 Update
ASTM D6304 Standard Test Method for Determination of Water in Petroleum Products, Lubricating Oils, and Additives by Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration*, 2020-12-01 Update
ASTM D7504 Standard Test Method for Trace Impurities in Monocyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons by Gas Chromatography and Effective Carbon Number*, 2023-05-15 Update
ASTM E1064 Standard Test Method for Water in Organic Liquids by Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration*, 2024-01-01 Update
ASTM E344 Terminology Relating to Thermometry and Hydrometry*, 2023-12-01 Update
ASTM E456 Standard Terminology for Relating to Quality and Statistics
ASTM E542 Standard Practice for Gravimetric Calibration of Laboratory Volumetric Instruments*, 2022-01-01 Update
ASTM D2700-18 history
2024ASTM D2700-24 Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
2024ASTM D2700-23b Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
2023ASTM D2700-23a Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
2023ASTM D2700-23 Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
2022ASTM D2700-22b Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
2022ASTM D2700-22a Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
2022ASTM D2700-22 Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
2021ASTM D2700-21 Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
2019ASTM D2700-19e1 Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
2019ASTM D2700-19 Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
2018ASTM D2700-18a Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
2018ASTM D2700-18 Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
2017ASTM D2700-17a Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
2017ASTM D2700-17 Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
2016ASTM D2700-16a Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
2016ASTM D2700-16 Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
2014ASTM D2700-14 Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
2013ASTM D2700-13b Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
2013ASTM D2700-13a Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
2013ASTM D2700-13 Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
2012ASTM D2700-12a Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
2012ASTM D2700-12 Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
2011ASTM D2700-11e1 Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
2011ASTM D2700-11 Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
2010ASTM D2700-10 Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
2009ASTM D2700-09 Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
2008ASTM D2700-08 Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
2007ASTM D2700-07b Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
2007ASTM D2700-07a Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
2007ASTM D2700-07 Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
2006ASTM D2700-06 Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
2004ASTM D2700-04a Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
2004ASTM D2700-04e1 Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
2004ASTM D2700-04 Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
2003ASTM D2700-03b Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
2003ASTM D2700-03a Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
2003ASTM D2700-03 Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
2002ASTM D2700-02 Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
2001ASTM D2700-01a Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
2001ASTM D2700-01 Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
1999ASTM D2700-99 Standard Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
1992ASTM D2700-92 Standard Test Method for Knock Characteristics of Motor and Aviation Fuels by the Motor Method