ASTM D8056-16
Standard Guide for Elemental Analysis of Crude Oil
- Standard No.
- ASTM D8056-16
- Release Date
- 2016
- Published By
- American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)
- Status
- Replace By
- ASTM D8056-18
- Latest
- ASTM D8056-18
- Scope
3.1 This guide summarizes the test methods used in the elemental analysis of crude oils. Additional information on the significance and use of the test methods quoted in this guide can be found under discussion of individual test methods in Sections 8 through 15.
3.2 Crude oils are highly complex hydrocarbons also containing some organometallic compounds, inorganic sediment, and water. Nearly 600 individual hydrocarbons, over 200 separate sulfur compounds, and about 40 trace elements have been found in crude oils (1).6 Generally, sulfur and nitrogen are the two most abundant elements found in crude oils except for carbon and hydrogen. Most other inorganic elements are present at trace levels (mg/kg). Sulfur, nitrogen, vanadium, nickel, and iron are the most frequently determined elements in the crude oils. Ratios such as vanadium to vanadium + nickel, and iron to vanadium are suggested as being useful for oil type characterizations. Since organometallic compounds are concentrated in the heavy ends of petroleum, transition element concentrations and ratios can serve as excellent oil-oil correlation parameters. Generally, vanadium and nickel content increases with asphaltic content of crude oil (API gravity is an indicator). Lighter crude oils contain lesser amounts of metals (2, 3).
3.3 Metal complexes called porphyrins are a major component of metallic compounds in crude oils. The principal porphyrin complexes are Ni+2 and VO+2 compounds. There are also other non-porphyrin complexes and other metallic compounds present in crude oils (4, 5).
3.4 Some typical literature citations in this area are included in the reference section at the end of this guide.
1.1 This guide summarizes the current information about the test methods for elemental and associated analyses used in the analysis of crude oils. This information can be helpful in trade between the buyers and sellers of crude oil. Elemental analyses tests form an important part of quantifying the crude oil quality.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ASTM D8056-16 Referenced Document
- ASTM D129 Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (General Bomb Method)
- ASTM D1552 Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products (High-Temperature Method)
- ASTM D2622 Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
- ASTM D3227 Standard Test Method for (Thiol Mercaptan) Sulfur in Gasoline, Kerosine, Aviation Turbine, and Distillate Fuels (Potentiometric Method)*， 2024-03-01 Update
- ASTM D3228 Standard Test Method for Total Nitrogen In Lubricating Oils and Fuel Oils By Modified Kjeldahl Method
- ASTM D3230 Standard Test Method for Salts in Crude Oil (Electrometric Method)
- ASTM D4057 Standard Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
- ASTM D4177 Standard Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
- ASTM D4294 Standard Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy
- ASTM D4629 Standard Test Method for Trace Nitrogen in Liquid Petroleum Hydrocarbons by Syringe/Inlet Oxidative Combustion and Chemiluminescence Detection
- ASTM D482 Standard Test Method for Ash from Petroleum Products*， 2019-11-01 Update
- ASTM D4929 Standard Test Methods for Determination of Organic Chloride Content in Crude Oil
- ASTM D5185 Standard Test Method for Determination of Additive Elements, Wear Metals, and Contaminants in Used Lubricating Oils and Determination of Selected Elements in Base Oils by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES)
- ASTM D5708 Standard Test Methods for Determination of Nickel, Vanadium, and Iron in Crude Oils and Residual Fuels by Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) Atomic Emission Spectrometry*， 2020-06-01 Update
- ASTM D5762 Standard Test Method for Nitrogen in Petroleum and Petroleum Products by Boat-Inlet Chemiluminescence
- ASTM D5854 Standard Practice for Mixing and Handling of Liquid Samples of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
- ASTM D5863 Standard Test Methods for Determination of Nickel, Vanadium, Iron, and Sodium in Crude Oils and Residual Fuels by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry*， 2022-12-01 Update
- ASTM D6259 Standard Practice for Determination of a Pooled Limit of Quantitation
- ASTM D6299 Standard Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measurement System Performance*， 2023-07-01 Update
- ASTM D6470 Standard Test Method for Salt in Crude Oils (Potentiometric Method)*， 2020-05-01 Update
- ASTM D6792 Standard Practice for Quality Management Systems in Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants Testing Laboratories*， 2023-11-01 Update
- ASTM D7260 Standard Practice for Optimization, Calibration, and Validation of Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES) for Elemental Analysis of Petroleum Products and Lubricants*， 2020-07-01 Update
- ASTM D7343 Standard Practice for Optimization, Sample Handling, Calibration, and Validation of X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry Methods for Elemental Analysis of Petroleum Products and Lubricants*， 2020-07-01 Update
- ASTM D7372 Standard Guide for Analysis and Interpretation of Proficiency Test Program Results*， 2021-05-01 Update
- ASTM D7455 Standard Practice for Sample Preparation of Petroleum and Lubricant Products for Elemental Analysis*， 2019-05-01 Update
- ASTM D7482 Standard Practice for Sampling, Storage, and Handling of Hydrocarbons for Mercury Analysis*， 2023-07-21 Update
- ASTM D7578 Standard Guide for Calibration Requirements for Elemental Analysis of Petroleum Products and Lubricants*， 2020-05-01 Update
- ASTM D7621 Standard Test Method for Determination of Hydrogen Sulfide in Fuel Oils by Rapid Liquid Phase Extraction*， 2021-07-01 Update
- ASTM D7622 Standard Test Method for Total Mercury in Crude Oil Using Combustion and Direct Cold Vapor Atomic Absorption Method with Zeeman Background Correction*， 2020-06-01 Update
- ASTM D7623 Standard Test Method for Total Mercury in Crude Oil Using Combustion-Gold Amalgamation and Cold Vapor Atomic Absorption Method*， 2020-06-01 Update
- ASTM D7691 Standard Test Method for Multielement Analysis of Crude Oils Using Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES)*， 2023-05-01 Update
- ASTM D7740 Standard Practice for Optimization, Calibration, and Validation of Atomic Absorption Spectrometry for Metal Analysis of Petroleum Products and Lubricants*， 2020-07-01 Update
- ISO 14596 Petroleum products - Determination of sulfur content - Wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry
- ISO 8754 Petroleum products - Determination of sulfur content - Energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry
ASTM D8056-16 history
- 2018 ASTM D8056-18 Standard Guide for Elemental Analysis of Crude Oil
- 2016 ASTM D8056-16 Standard Guide for Elemental Analysis of Crude Oil
